TYPES OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES

 

TYPES OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES

There are four types of electric vehicles available--

Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV)--Fully powered by electricity. These are more efficient compared to hybrid and plug-in hybrids.

Hybrid Electric Vehicle--

Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV)--The vehicle uses both the internal combustion (usually petrol) engine and the battery-powered motor power train. The petrol engine is used both to drive and charge when the battery is empty. These vehicles are not as efficient as fully electric or plug-in hybrid vehicles.

Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV)-- Uses both an internal combustion engine and a battery charged from an external socket (they have a plug). This means the vehicle’s battery can be charged with electricity rather than the engine. PHEVs are more efficient than HEVs but less efficient than BEVs.

Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV)--Electric energy is produced from chemical energy. For example, a hydrogen FCEV.

System Architecture of 4 types of electric cars is as follows--

Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs)

BEVs are also known as All-Electric Vehicles (AEV). Electric Vehicles using BEV technology run entirely on a battery-powered electric drivetrain. The electricity used to drive the vehicle is stored in a large battery pack which can be charged by plugging into the electricity grid. The charged battery pack then provides power to one or more electric motors to run the electric car. 

Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV)--

HEVs are also known as series hybrid or parallel hybrid. HEVs have both engine and electric motor. The engine gets energy from fuel, and the motor gets electricity from batteries. The transmission is rotated simultaneously by both engine and electric motor. This then drives the wheels.


                                                                                                                                                                                Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV)--

The PHEVs are also known as series hybrids. They have both engine and a motor. You can choose among the fuels, conventional fuel (such as petrol) or alternative fuel (such as bio-diesel). It can also be powered by a rechargeable battery pack. The battery can be charged externally. 

Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle(FCEV)--

FCEVs are also known as Zero-Emission Vehicles. They employ ‘fuel cell technology’ to generate the electricity required to run the vehicle. The chemical energy of the fuel is converted directly into electric energy

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